496   MATURITY OF THE POLICY

insurrection." In the clause under consideration he had in mind the danger from service, in time of war, in the air, under the sea, and on the surface of the land and sea, and so he provided against accidental death in all three cases, and followed that clause with an exemption where there was no actual war but a state of war, riot or insurrection. It is inconsistent to say that the author of the provision had in mind the risk from aviation and submarine operations in time of peace, as well as in time of war, and the risk from military and naval service, which involves aviation and submarine operations, only in time of war. If he limited the risk from military and naval service, which includes aviation and submarine operations, to time of war, he must have had the same limitation in mind when he used the terms aviation and submarine operations, particularly since these terms are not set off by commas.

But even if this phrase "in time of war" should not be held to apply to the other antecedents in this clause, the expression "en-gaged in aviation" should not include a passenger taking an occasional ride in an airplane. If it was so intended, the language is inept and ambiguous and should not be construed against the insured. If it was intended to except occasional rides in an airplane by a passenger, the author of the language should have employed some other expression. such as "participating in." * * * Not having done so, the expression "engaged in aviation" should be given its ordinary meaning and the impression that would be made upon the mind in reading the clause. The word "engaged," as thus employed, gives the impression that it means "something more than occasional participation." * * * It gives the imlression of participation as an occupation. When it is said that a man is engaged in aviation, the impression is immediately created that he follows aviation as an occupation, the same as if it were said that he was engaged in engineering or any other occupation or profession. If aviation was not an occupation, the interpretation of the defendant might be given to the expression. It is not equivalent to such an expression as engaged in automobiling or tobogganing or any other means of enjoyment that are not distinct occupations. If the expression employed was "engaged in railroading," it could not be said that a passenger was included in that language because he was riding in a train.

The rule that should be applied here is that which requires a construction against him who is responsible for the ambiguity in the language employed.

he plaintiff is entitled to recover. So ordered.2O

20 Accord: Masonic Ace. Ins. Co. v. Jackson (1929, Ind.) 164 N. E. 628, 61

995, 57 A. L. R. 622; Price v. Prudential Ins. Co. (1929) 98 Fla. 1044, 124 So.